미국 평가용 VAD원리 설명

Operating Principles of the VAD

Automotive safety units require electronics to control Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor and Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) systems.

The APP sensor is fixed to the throttle body of the electronic throttle control system with intelligence (ETCSi). The functional principle to the AAP sensor involves conversion of the accelerator pedal movement into a voltage signal.

The accelerator position information is transferred to the throttle actuator control (TAC) module and the powertrain control module (PCM). The accelerator position sensor is made up of two individual sensors, with both sensors designed to have individual sensor return wiring and each have a varying voltage range.

The PCM system receives and processes the electrical signals from the ACC sensors along with signals from the direct current (DC) motor, which sets the throttle plate via a throttle cable. As the air travels through the throttle passage to the intake manifold, it activates airflow sensors that manipulates the engine control unit and forces fuel into the fluid injector system. The signals generated by each of the potentiometers are different: one of the potentiometers relays a voltage signal to the PCM unit about the position of the pedal and this signal can vary between 0 and 5 volts; the second and third sensor both behave as a back-up unit. During the movement of a vehicle, the PCM unit is continuously comparing the output by all three potentiometers to the APP sensor system.

If there is a discrepancy between 1) the output voltage signal by the potentiometers monitoring the pedal position and 2) the sensor itself, then the PCM unit reduces the performance of the vehicle, setting the APP unit into a limp-home-mode.

                                                                          Fig.1  

As shown above Fig 1, All controlling sensors out of ECU have 5v and these sensors needed stable current to work accurately to get more efficiencies of vehicles, but the actual 5V out of the ECU is electrically unstable caused by they are not in direct ground, and therefore power-train control module, abbreviated PCM, send unstable signals to many different sensors.

VAD(Voltage Adjustment Devicce) stabilizes the 1st and the 2nd electricity by removing interfering electricity(3rd electricity) occurred in operation of vehicle, increases main performance such as power, gas efficiency, reduction of exhausted gas by smoothening various electric devices, is a functional automobile part with new technology for a patent that innovates automobile performance with electric, electronic genome project of automobile that removes breakdown due to various mechanical defects.

United States Patent No,: US006591821B1
Variable Voltage Regulator for Electronic Accelerator in Automobile

ABSTRACT
The present invention comprises an Electronics Control Unit(ECU) power potential stabilizing circuit and an ECU reference potential stabilizing circuit.
The ECU power potential stabilizing circuit eliminates noise and stabilizes voltage variation occurring When the electrical parts of automobile are activated by the power supplied through the ECU of the electronic accelerator, by impressing it to the power Supply line and variable voltage supply line.

The ECU reference potential stabilizing circuit eliminates the unnecessarys park noise and harmonics noise occurring on the power supply line, reference potential line and variable voltage supply line, by impressing it to the variable voltage supply line and reference potential line. It further stabilizes the voltage supplied to the ECU by compensating the voltage fluctuated due to disturbances.

                                                                          Fig 2

The PCM commonly controls more than 100 factors in a car or truck.
Assuming that the fuel pressure is correct, the excess fuel must therefore be due to an increase in injector duration. This can be caused by any of the following sensors and actuators.
                *  Coolant temperature sensor
                *  Mass airflow meter
                *  MAP sensor
                *  Throttle position sensor
                *  Weak or ‘dribbling’ injector
                *  Air temperature sensor 
                *  Lambda sensor 
                *  ECM fault

VAD stabilizes the voltage supplied to the ECU by compensating the voltage fluctuated due to disturbances. 

Modern vehicle like everything on earth are constantly exposed to electro-magnetic radiation and other radiated signals, some of these come from within the vehicle itself. 

The ignition system, the alternator and the audio system to name just a few create signals that can interfere with other systems. Modern cars have many computer-controlled systems.

 Electronic throttle control system being just one vehicle, skid control and traction control are some of the other computer systems in today's modern vehicle. 

These safety systems all rely on electric throttle control systems to operate.

 These systems help to enhance safety and comfort for the driver and passengers the improved vehicle reliability and drivability. 
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